![]() ![]() The first industrial production of aluminium was initiated by French chemist Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville in 1856. The discovery of aluminium was announced in 1825 by Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted. It is obtained industrially by mining bauxite, a sedimentary rock rich in aluminium minerals. The strong affinity towards oxygen leads to aluminium's common association with oxygen in nature in the form of oxides for this reason, aluminium is found on Earth primarily in rocks in the crust, where it is the third-most abundant element, after oxygen and silicon, rather than in the mantle, and virtually never as the free metal. The aluminium cation Al 3+ is small and highly charged as such, it is polarizing, and bonds aluminium forms tend towards covalency. The radioactivity of 26Al is used in radiometric dating.Ĭhemically, aluminium is a post-transition metal in the boron group as is common for the group, aluminium forms compounds primarily in the +3 oxidation state. It has one stable isotope: 27Al, which is highly abundant, making aluminium the twelfth-most common element in the universe. Aluminium visually resembles silver, both in its color and in its great ability to reflect light. It has a great affinity towards oxygen, forming a protective layer of oxide on the surface when exposed to air. Aluminium has a density lower than those of other common metals about one-third that of steel. ![]() Aluminium ( aluminum in North American English) is a chemical element with the symbol Al and atomic number 13. ![]()
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